Vocabulary and Structure
Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
0. Don't ______ to let me know if there is anything I can do for you.
A.reject
B.prevent
C.hesitate
D.refuse
1. Let's hang up some paintings on these ______ walls.
A.bare
B.empty
C.blank
D.free
2. At the conference he expressed some personal views which later brought him into ______ with the Party leadership.
A.action
B.crisis
C.conflict
D.power
3. They have developed techniques which are ______ to those used in most factories.
A.more talented
B.better
C.greater
D.superior
4. Man must stop ______ the earth's atmosphere.
A.filling
B.emitting
C.polluting
D.wasting
5. No one has yet succeeded in explaining the ______ of how life began.
A.problem
B.cause
C.puzzle
D.logic
6. Unfortunately, very few sheep ______ the severe winter last year.
A.survived
B.endured
C.spent
D.remained alive
7. They discussed the problem three or four times, but could come to no ______.
A.end
B.conclusion
C.result
D.judgment
8. Well, let's put our heads together and find ______ to the problem.
A.an answer
B.a way
C.a solution
D.a method
9. The old couple decided to move out of town to a quiet ______ , where they had spent several years immediately after their marriage.
A.pace
B.suburb
C.neighborhood
D.area
10. They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan ten days ahead of schedule, ______ was something we had not expected.
A.that
B.this
C.it
D.which
11. Bob tried in vain to trick his little brother ______ some money from their mother's purse.
A.to steal
B.to stealing
C.into steal
D.into stealing
12. I was ______ to find his article on such an ______ topic so ______.
A.surprised, excited, bored
B.surprising, exciting, boring
C.surprised, exciting, boring
D.surprising, excited, bored
13. It was in 1777 ______ Vermont, threatened with invasion, declared itself an independent commonwealth.
A.when
B.that
C.in which
D.which
14. ______ a professor of physics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Edward Charles Pickering established the first physics laboratory in the United States.
A.While
B.being
C.Although
D.He was
15. He didn't ______ and he failed the examination.
A.work enough hard
B.work hard enough
C.hard work enough
D.hard enough work
16. The two boys had so ______ in common that they soon became good friends.
A.little
B.few
C.much
D.many
17. As fuel prices rose, bus companies raised their fares, and ______.
A.so did the airlines
B.nor did the airlines
C.so the airlines did
D.nor the airlines did
18. ______ mainly for the invention of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell devoted his life to helping the deaf.
A.He is remembered
B.To remember
C.While remembering
D.Though remembered
19. If Dorothy had not been badly hurt in a car accident, ______ in last month's marathon race.
A.she would participate
B.she might participate
C.she would have participated
D.she must have participated
20. If you undertake this project you are bound to ______ many difficulties.
A.encounter
B.face with
C.overcome
D.handle
21. I suddenly realized that he was trying to ______ quarrelling with me.
A.consider
B.enjoy
C.avoid
D.prevent
22. The three hours I spent in the school library ______ my old passion for reading.
A.brought about
B.brought over
C.brought forth
D.brought back
23. Thousands of people ______ to see the parade.
A.turned off
B.turned out
C.turned up
D.turned over
24. The real trouble ______ their lack of confidence in their abilities.
A.lies in
B.lies on
C.results in
D.leads to
25. Recently the newspapers have reported several ______ on the boundaries of Israel and Jordan.
A.accidents
B.incidents
C.events
D.happenings
26. The actual cost of the building was much higher than our original ______.
A.consideration
B.judgment
C.estimate
D.plan
27. Henry looked very much ______ when he was caught cheating in the biology exam.
A.discouraging
B.embarrassed
C.disappointing
D.pleasing
28. At the beginning of this semester, our history professor ______ a list of books for us to read.
A.passed on
B.fished
C.handed in
D.made out
29. Here are some toys. You can ______ one or two for your little son as a birthday gift from me.
A.single out
B.pick out
C.take off
D.word out
30. I am afraid I won't have any influence over my 18-year-old daughter ______ her mind is made up.
A.at the moment
B.in order that
C.once
D.because
31. The team really looks good tonight because the coach had them ______ every night this week.
A.practice
B.to practice
C.practiced
D.practicing
32. Excuse me, but it is time to have your temperature ______.
A.taking
B.to take
C.take
D.taken
33. Jane's dress is similar in design ______ her sister's.
A.with
B.like
C.to
D.as
34. ______ it is you've found, you must give it back to the person it belongs to.
A.That
B.What
C.Whatever
D.However
35. Consumers should do ______ than simply complain about the poor quality of goods.
A.much less
B.some more
C.far less
D.far more
36. Beth ______ California in 1981 and ______ in Texas ever since.
A.left, worked
B.has left, has worded
C.left, has worked
D.has left, worded
37. Frank had worked for two years to be a carpenter, but found his progress ______.
A.discouraging and unsatisfied
B.discouraging and dissatisfied
C.discouraged and dissatisfied
D.unsatisfactory and discouraging
38. There was more than ______ rain and snow last year, so some parts of the country have been flooded this spring.
A.extra
B.efficient
C.effective
D.adequate
39. It was not a serious accident, the car needs only some ______ repairs.
A.major
B.secondary
C.minor
D.primary
二、2.Reading Comprehension
Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part, each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
0.Human wants seem endless. When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sports car, visions of country clubs and pleasure boats dance into view.
The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of wants, another level appears.
The first and most basic level of wants involves food. Once this want is satisfied, a second level of wants appears: clothing and some sort of shelter. By the end of World WarⅡ these wants were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.
By 1957 or 1958 this third level of wants was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s a fourth level of wants appeared: the 'life-enriching' level. While other levels involve physical satisfaction-the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation of the human body-this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called 'luxury' items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and entertainment. Also included here are fancy foods and the latest styles in clothing.
On the fourth level, a greater percentage of consumer spending goes to services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of wants as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?
A fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets(衣橱), our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.
According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when ______.
A.he has saved up enough money
B.he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelter
C.he has satisfied his hunger
D.he has learned to build houses
1.
It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of the World War II most Americans ______.
A.were very rich
B.lived in poverty
C.had the good things on the first three levels
D.did not own automobiles
2.
All of the following except ______ are related to 'physical satisfactions'.
A.a successful career
B.a cozy home
C.a good service
D.a family car
3.
The main concern of man on the fourth level is ______.
A.the more goods the better
B.the more mental satisfaction the better
C.the more 'luxury' items the better
D.the more earnings the better
4.
The author is inclined to think that a fifth level ______.
A.would be little better than the fourth level
B.may be a lot more desirable than the first level
C.can be the last and most satisfying level
D.will become attainable if the government takes action
5.We are all naturally attracted to people with idea, beliefs and interests like our own. Similarly, we feel comfortable with people with physical qualities similar to ours.
You may have noticed how people who live or work closely together come to behave in a similar way. Unconsciously we copy those we are close to or love or admire. So a sportsman’s individual way of walking with raised shoulder is imitated by an admiring fan; a pair of lovers both shake their heads in the same way; an employee finds himself duplicating his boss's habit of wagging (摇摆) a pen between his fingers while thinking.
In every case, the influential person may not consciously notice the imitation, but he will feel comfortable in its presence. And if he does notice the matching of his gestures or movements, he finds it pleasing he is influencing people: they are drawn to him.
Sensitive people have been mirroring their friends and acquaintances all their lives, and winning affection and respect m this way without being aware of their methods. Now, for people who want to win agreement or trust, affection or sympathy. Some psychologists recommend the deliberate use of physical mirroring.
The clever saleswoman echoes her lady customer's movements, tilting her head in the same way to judge a color match, or folding her arms a few seconds after the customer, as though consciously attracted by her. The customer feels that the saleswoman is in sympathy with her, and understands her needs a promising relationship for a sale to take place.
The Clever lawyer, trying in la law-court to influence a judge, imitates the great man shrugging of his shoulders, the tone of his voice and the rhythm of his speech.
Of course, physical mirroring must be subtle. If you blind (眨眼) every time your target blinks, or bite your bottom lip every time he does, your mirroring has become mockery (嘲笑) and you can expect trouble. So, if you can't model sympathetically, don't play the game.
According to the passage, 'physical mirroring' (line 4, paragraph 4) means ______.
A.the attraction to people with ideas, belief and interests like our own
B.the comfortable feeling about people with physical qualities similar to ours
C.the fact that people living or working closely together behave in a similar way
D.the imitation of the gestures or movements of those we are close to, or love, or admire
6.
According to the author, all of the following except ______ are the deliberate uses of physical mirroring.
A.a saleswoman tilts her head after her customer to judge a color match
B.a lawyer imitates the tone of the judge’s voice and the rhythm of his speech
C.sensitive people have been mirroring their friends all their lives
D.a naughty boy blinks every time the teacher blinks
7.
Which of the following is true?
A.Sensitive people have been mirroring their friends and acquaintances because they want to win their affection and respect
B.The clever saleswoman echoes her lady customer's movements because she is unconsciously attracted by her
C.The man who imitates the judge is trying to influence him
D.Physical mirroring is always flattering to those who are imitated
8.
Physical mirroring can cause trouble if ______.
A.The person mirrored finds that people are drawn to him
B.the mirroring ha become mockery
C.the lawyer shrugs his shoulders the way the judge does
D.it has been found to be deliberately used
9.
The paragraph following this passage will most probably move on to ______.
A.some ways to prevent physical mirroring from offending
B.the mirroring has become mockery
C.the lawyer shrugs his shoulders the way the judge does
D.it has been found to be deliberately used
10.The U. S. Army Infantry (步兵), which calls Fort Benning home, has fought in every major conflict involving the nation's military. Yet developing a program for effective infantry training came neither quickly nor easily. The first movement to shape the country's foot soldiers into a superior force came more than 200 years ago at the request of the general who became the first president of the United States.
Revolutionary forces commanded by General George Washington were barely surviving as they camped at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, during the winter of 1777. Washington realized that his soldiers, shivering in rags. Needed better training if there were to be any hope of winning against the well-schooled British army. He sought advice from the respected Prussian (普鲁士) general, Baron Fredreich von Steuben.
Von Steuben agreed to help, but recognized the huge challenge he faced to change the loose band of rebels into a disciplined, well-organized force. As one observer at the time noted, the colonial army 'was the finest body of troops he had ever seen out of step '. Von 8teuben's own assessment was that the Continental Army was a shame. 'There was no uniformity of drill, no similarity of organization , and no teamwork of any kind ', wrote Leroy Yarborough, first lieutenant (中尉) of infantry , in an unpublished 1931 history of Fort Benning. No two companies drilled alike. And they all drilled poorly.
But Von Steuben was resourceful and energetic and known for his persuasiveness. He established standard drill exercises and taught them patiently, but persistently to the troops. Once he saw progress, he chose those most skilled in military formations to demonstrate for the rest to imitate. This practice of using the best troops to model techniques and tactics become fundamental in military training, continuing long after the Revolutionary War. For his efforts, Von Steuben is known as the 'Father of the U. S. Infantry.'
The first two paragraphs tell us ______.
A.how Von Steuben became the general of the American infantry
B.how the revolutionary forces came to be commanded by Washington
C.how Washington set about asking von Steuben to train his soldiers
D.how poorly organized the Americans were compared to the British army
11.
It can be inferred from the passage that training programs for the American infantry started at ______.
A.Valley Forge
B.Fort Benning
C.Prussia
D.Washington's hometown
12.
The main problems with the American revolutionary forces seemed to be lack of the following except ______.
A.standardization in training and organization
B.coordination between various units
C.strict discipline and unity
D.shame and challenge
13.
The writer of the passage refers to Washington's troops as all if the following except ______.
A.revolutionary forces
B.the colonial army
C.the U.S. Army infantry
D.the Continental Army
14.
______ proved to be an effective training method.
A.To use the best troops as a model for other units
B.To establish rules and drill cruelly
C.To continue training without stop
D.To show what little progress there may be
15.The fact that people can 'see' things using other parts of their bodies apart from their eyes may help us to understand our feelings about color. If they can sense color differences then perhaps we, too, are affected by color unconsciously.
Manufacturers have discovered by trail and error that sugar sells badly in green wrappings, that blue foods are considered unpleasant, and that cosmetics (化妆品) should never be packaged in brown. These discoveries have grown into a whole discipline of color psychology that now finds application in everything from fashion to interior decoration. Some of our preferences are clearly psychological. Dark blue is the colour of the night sky therefore associated with passivity and calm, while yellow is a day color with associations and incentive (刺激). For primitive man, activity during the day meant hunting and attacking, while he soon saw a red, the color of blood and rage and the heat that came with effort. And green is associated with passive defense and self-preservation. Experiments have shown that colors, partly because of their physiological associations, also have a direct psychological effect. People exposed to bright red show an increase in heart beat, and blood pressure; red is exciting. Similar exposure to pure blue has exactly the opposite effect; it is a calming color. Because of its exciting connotations (涵义) , red was chosen as the signal [or danger, but closer analysis shows that 'a vivid yellow can produce a more basic state of alertness and alarm, so fire engines and ambulances in some advanced communities are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop the traffic dead.
Manufacturers found out that color affects sales ______.
A.by experience over a long period of time
B.by experimenting with different colors
C.by trying out color on blind people
D.by developing the discipline of color psychology
16.
Our preferences for certain colors are ______.
A.associated with the time of the day
B.depended on our character
C.linked with our primitive ancestors
D.partly due to psychological factors
17.
If people are exposed to bright red, which of the following things does not happen?
A.They breathe [aster
B.They feel afraid
C.Their blood pressure rises
D.Their hearts beat faster
18.
Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage?
A.Color probably has an effect on us which we are not conscious of
B.Yellow fire engines have caused many bad accidents in some advanced communities
C.People exposed to pure blue start to breathe more slowly
D.The psychology of color is of some practical use
19.
Which of the following could be the most suitable title?
A.The Discipline of Color Psychology
B.Color and Its Connotations
C.The Practical Use of Color
D.Color and Feelings
三、3.Cloze
Cloze
Directions: Each blank in the following passage is provided with 4 choices. Read the whole passage and choose the best answer for each blank. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
0. Trees are useful to man 【B1】______ three very important ways: they provide him 【B2】______ wood and other produces; they help to check soil erosion and they help to 【B3】______ drought and floods.
【B4】______ , in many parts of the world, man has not realized that the 【B5】______ of these services is the most important. In his eagerness to draw quick profit from the trees, he has cut them down in large 【B6】______ , only to find that 【B7】______ them he has lost the best friend he had.
Two 【B8】______ years ago a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships 【B9】______ to gain itself an empire. It gained the empire, but without its trees, its soil became hard and poor. When the empire 【B10】______ to pieces, the home country found itself faced by floods and starvation.
【B11】______ a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult for it to persuade the villager to see this ,the villager wants wood to cook his food 【B12】______ ; and he can earn money by making charcoal or selling wood to the townsman. He is usually too lazy or too 【B13】______ to plant and look after new trees. So, 【B14】______ the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests slowly disappear.
This does not only mean that the villagers' sons and grandsons have 【B15】______ trees. The results are even more serious; for where there are trees their roots break the soil up allowing the rain to sink in and also bind the soil, thus preventing 【B16】______ washed away on the surface, causing floods and carrying 【B17】______ ground away 【B18】______ it the rich top-soil, in which crops grow so well. When all the top-soil is 【B19】______ , nothing remains 【B20】______ worthless desert.
A.with
B.at
C.in
D.through
1.(62)
A.of
B.for
C.with
D.as
2.(63)
A.prevent
B.stop
C.forbid
D.deny
3.(64)
A.Generally
B.Fortunately
C.Unfortunately
D.Probably
4.(65)
A.trees
B.uses
C.products
D.third
5.(66)
A.numbers
B.members
C.amounts
D.accounts
6.(67)
A.with
B.for
C.without
D.to
7.(68)
A.thousand
B.thousands
C.thousand of.
D.thousands of
8.(69)
A.where
B.which are
C.with which
D.which they are
9.(70)
A.failed
B.fell
C.felt
D.filled
10.(71)
A.Even
B.Even where
C.Even then
D.Even now
11.(72)
A.on
B.below
C.with
D.over
12.(73)
A.clever
B.active
C.until
D.Unless
13.(74)
A.although
B.once
C.until
D.unless
14.(75)
A.a few
B.fewer
C.little
D.less
15.(76)
A.it
B.its
C.it's being
D.its being
16.(77)
A.hard
B.soft
C.deep
D.high
17.(78)
A.for
B.with
C.on
D.behind
18.(79)
A.going
B.gone
C.to go
D.to be going
19.(80)
A.only
B.simply
C.merely
D.but
四、4.Translation
0.Section A (非英语专业学生做)
Directions: In this part, there are 5 items which you should translate into Chinese, each item consisting of one or more sentences. These sentences are all taken from the reading passage in part II. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meaning in the context.
While other levels involve physical satisfaction-the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation of the human body-this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness.
1. In every case, the influential person may not consciously notice the imitation, but he will feel comfortable in its presence.
2. If you blind (眨眼) every time your target blinks, or bite your bottom lip every time he does, your mirroring has become mockery (嘲笑) and you can expect trouble.
3. Washington realized that his soldiers, shivering in rags. Needed better training if there were to be any hope of winning against the well-schooled British army.
4. Experiments have shown that colors, partly because of their physiological associations, also have a direct psychological effect.
5.Section B (英语专业学生做)
Directions: In this section, there is a short passage in Chinese. Read it carefully and put it into English.
历史证明，只有坚持《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则，坚持和平共处五项原则和国际关系准则，各国才能和睦相处，共同发展，世界和平才能得到维护和促进。为了维护中国和世界人民的根本利益，中国始终坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，主持公遭，伸张正义，为政治解决国际问题做出了独特的贡献。做为联合国常任理事国，中国将一如既往，维护安理会的权威，为维护正义，坚持《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则，为维护世界和平与稳定进行不懈努力.
五、5.Writing
0. In this part, you are to write a short composition of about 120 to 150 words (non-English majors) or 150 to 180 words (English majors) based on the idea given below.
On Learning Abroad
1. 有人认为出国留学是个人发展的最佳选择。
2. 也有人坚持在国内也能实现自己的理想。
3. 我的看法。
一、1.Vocabulary and Structure
Vocabulary and Structure
Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
0. Don't ______ to let me know if there is anything I can do for you.
A.reject
B.prevent
C.hesitate
D.refuse
1. Let's hang up some paintings on these ______ walls.
A.bare
B.empty
C.blank
D.free
2. At the conference he expressed some personal views which later brought him into ______ with the Party leadership.
A.action
B.crisis
C.conflict
D.power
3. They have developed techniques which are ______ to those used in most factories.
A.more talented
B.better
C.greater
D.superior
4. Man must stop ______ the earth's atmosphere.
A.filling
B.emitting
C.polluting
D.wasting
5. No one has yet succeeded in explaining the ______ of how life began.
A.problem
B.cause
C.puzzle
D.logic
6. Unfortunately, very few sheep ______ the severe winter last year.
A.survived
B.endured
C.spent
D.remained alive
7. They discussed the problem three or four times, but could come to no ______.
A.end
B.conclusion
C.result
D.judgment
8. Well, let's put our heads together and find ______ to the problem.
A.an answer
B.a way
C.a solution
D.a method
9. The old couple decided to move out of town to a quiet ______ , where they had spent several years immediately after their marriage.
A.pace
B.suburb
C.neighborhood
D.area
10. They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan ten days ahead of schedule, ______ was something we had not expected.
A.that
B.this
C.it
D.which
11. Bob tried in vain to trick his little brother ______ some money from their mother's purse.
A.to steal
B.to stealing
C.into steal
D.into stealing
12. I was ______ to find his article on such an ______ topic so ______.
A.surprised, excited, bored
B.surprising, exciting, boring
C.surprised, exciting, boring
D.surprising, excited, bored
13. It was in 1777 ______ Vermont, threatened with invasion, declared itself an independent commonwealth.
A.when
B.that
C.in which
D.which
14. ______ a professor of physics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Edward Charles Pickering established the first physics laboratory in the United States.
A.While
B.being
C.Although
D.He was
15. He didn't ______ and he failed the examination.
A.work enough hard
B.work hard enough
C.hard work enough
D.hard enough work
16. The two boys had so ______ in common that they soon became good friends.
A.little
B.few
C.much
D.many
17. As fuel prices rose, bus companies raised their fares, and ______.
A.so did the airlines
B.nor did the airlines
C.so the airlines did
D.nor the airlines did
18. ______ mainly for the invention of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell devoted his life to helping the deaf.
A.He is remembered
B.To remember
C.While remembering
D.Though remembered
19. If Dorothy had not been badly hurt in a car accident, ______ in last month's marathon race.
A.she would participate
B.she might participate
C.she would have participated
D.she must have participated
20. If you undertake this project you are bound to ______ many difficulties.
A.encounter
B.face with
C.overcome
D.handle
21. I suddenly realized that he was trying to ______ quarrelling with me.
A.consider
B.enjoy
C.avoid
D.prevent
22. The three hours I spent in the school library ______ my old passion for reading.
A.brought about
B.brought over
C.brought forth
D.brought back
23. Thousands of people ______ to see the parade.
A.turned off
B.turned out
C.turned up
D.turned over
24. The real trouble ______ their lack of confidence in their abilities.
A.lies in
B.lies on
C.results in
D.leads to
25. Recently the newspapers have reported several ______ on the boundaries of Israel and Jordan.
A.accidents
B.incidents
C.events
D.happenings
26. The actual cost of the building was much higher than our original ______.
A.consideration
B.judgment
C.estimate
D.plan
27. Henry looked very much ______ when he was caught cheating in the biology exam.
A.discouraging
B.embarrassed
C.disappointing
D.pleasing
28. At the beginning of this semester, our history professor ______ a list of books for us to read.
A.passed on
B.fished
C.handed in
D.made out
29. Here are some toys. You can ______ one or two for your little son as a birthday gift from me.
A.single out
B.pick out
C.take off
D.word out
30. I am afraid I won't have any influence over my 18-year-old daughter ______ her mind is made up.
A.at the moment
B.in order that
C.once
D.because
31. The team really looks good tonight because the coach had them ______ every night this week.
A.practice
B.to practice
C.practiced
D.practicing
32. Excuse me, but it is time to have your temperature ______.
A.taking
B.to take
C.take
D.taken
33. Jane's dress is similar in design ______ her sister's.
A.with
B.like
C.to
D.as
34. ______ it is you've found, you must give it back to the person it belongs to.
A.That
B.What
C.Whatever
D.However
35. Consumers should do ______ than simply complain about the poor quality of goods.
A.much less
B.some more
C.far less
D.far more
36. Beth ______ California in 1981 and ______ in Texas ever since.
A.left, worked
B.has left, has worded
C.left, has worked
D.has left, worded
37. Frank had worked for two years to be a carpenter, but found his progress ______.
A.discouraging and unsatisfied
B.discouraging and dissatisfied
C.discouraged and dissatisfied
D.unsatisfactory and discouraging
38. There was more than ______ rain and snow last year, so some parts of the country have been flooded this spring.
A.extra
B.efficient
C.effective
D.adequate
39. It was not a serious accident, the car needs only some ______ repairs.
A.major
B.secondary
C.minor
D.primary
二、2.Reading Comprehension
Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part, each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
0.Human wants seem endless. When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sports car, visions of country clubs and pleasure boats dance into view.
The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of wants, another level appears.
The first and most basic level of wants involves food. Once this want is satisfied, a second level of wants appears: clothing and some sort of shelter. By the end of World WarⅡ these wants were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.
By 1957 or 1958 this third level of wants was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s a fourth level of wants appeared: the 'life-enriching' level. While other levels involve physical satisfaction-the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation of the human body-this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called 'luxury' items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and entertainment. Also included here are fancy foods and the latest styles in clothing.
On the fourth level, a greater percentage of consumer spending goes to services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of wants as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?
A fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets(衣橱), our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.
According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when ______.
A.he has saved up enough money
B.he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelter
C.he has satisfied his hunger
D.he has learned to build houses
1.
It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of the World War II most Americans ______.
A.were very rich
B.lived in poverty
C.had the good things on the first three levels
D.did not own automobiles
2.
All of the following except ______ are related to 'physical satisfactions'.
A.a successful career
B.a cozy home
C.a good service
D.a family car
3.
The main concern of man on the fourth level is ______.
A.the more goods the better
B.the more mental satisfaction the better
C.the more 'luxury' items the better
D.the more earnings the better
4.
The author is inclined to think that a fifth level ______.
A.would be little better than the fourth level
B.may be a lot more desirable than the first level
C.can be the last and most satisfying level
D.will become attainable if the government takes action
5.We are all naturally attracted to people with idea, beliefs and interests like our own. Similarly, we feel comfortable with people with physical qualities similar to ours.
You may have noticed how people who live or work closely together come to behave in a similar way. Unconsciously we copy those we are close to or love or admire. So a sportsman’s individual way of walking with raised shoulder is imitated by an admiring fan; a pair of lovers both shake their heads in the same way; an employee finds himself duplicating his boss's habit of wagging (摇摆) a pen between his fingers while thinking.
In every case, the influential person may not consciously notice the imitation, but he will feel comfortable in its presence. And if he does notice the matching of his gestures or movements, he finds it pleasing he is influencing people: they are drawn to him.
Sensitive people have been mirroring their friends and acquaintances all their lives, and winning affection and respect m this way without being aware of their methods. Now, for people who want to win agreement or trust, affection or sympathy. Some psychologists recommend the deliberate use of physical mirroring.
The clever saleswoman echoes her lady customer's movements, tilting her head in the same way to judge a color match, or folding her arms a few seconds after the customer, as though consciously attracted by her. The customer feels that the saleswoman is in sympathy with her, and understands her needs a promising relationship for a sale to take place.
The Clever lawyer, trying in la law-court to influence a judge, imitates the great man shrugging of his shoulders, the tone of his voice and the rhythm of his speech.
Of course, physical mirroring must be subtle. If you blind (眨眼) every time your target blinks, or bite your bottom lip every time he does, your mirroring has become mockery (嘲笑) and you can expect trouble. So, if you can't model sympathetically, don't play the game.
According to the passage, 'physical mirroring' (line 4, paragraph 4) means ______.
A.the attraction to people with ideas, belief and interests like our own
B.the comfortable feeling about people with physical qualities similar to ours
C.the fact that people living or working closely together behave in a similar way
D.the imitation of the gestures or movements of those we are close to, or love, or admire
6.
According to the author, all of the following except ______ are the deliberate uses of physical mirroring.
A.a saleswoman tilts her head after her customer to judge a color match
B.a lawyer imitates the tone of the judge’s voice and the rhythm of his speech
C.sensitive people have been mirroring their friends all their lives
D.a naughty boy blinks every time the teacher blinks
7.
Which of the following is true?
A.Sensitive people have been mirroring their friends and acquaintances because they want to win their affection and respect
B.The clever saleswoman echoes her lady customer's movements because she is unconsciously attracted by her
C.The man who imitates the judge is trying to influence him
D.Physical mirroring is always flattering to those who are imitated
8.
Physical mirroring can cause trouble if ______.
A.The person mirrored finds that people are drawn to him
B.the mirroring ha become mockery
C.the lawyer shrugs his shoulders the way the judge does
D.it has been found to be deliberately used
9.
The paragraph following this passage will most probably move on to ______.
A.some ways to prevent physical mirroring from offending
B.the mirroring has become mockery
C.the lawyer shrugs his shoulders the way the judge does
D.it has been found to be deliberately used
10.The U. S. Army Infantry (步兵), which calls Fort Benning home, has fought in every major conflict involving the nation's military. Yet developing a program for effective infantry training came neither quickly nor easily. The first movement to shape the country's foot soldiers into a superior force came more than 200 years ago at the request of the general who became the first president of the United States.
Revolutionary forces commanded by General George Washington were barely surviving as they camped at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, during the winter of 1777. Washington realized that his soldiers, shivering in rags. Needed better training if there were to be any hope of winning against the well-schooled British army. He sought advice from the respected Prussian (普鲁士) general, Baron Fredreich von Steuben.
Von Steuben agreed to help, but recognized the huge challenge he faced to change the loose band of rebels into a disciplined, well-organized force. As one observer at the time noted, the colonial army 'was the finest body of troops he had ever seen out of step '. Von 8teuben's own assessment was that the Continental Army was a shame. 'There was no uniformity of drill, no similarity of organization , and no teamwork of any kind ', wrote Leroy Yarborough, first lieutenant (中尉) of infantry , in an unpublished 1931 history of Fort Benning. No two companies drilled alike. And they all drilled poorly.
But Von Steuben was resourceful and energetic and known for his persuasiveness. He established standard drill exercises and taught them patiently, but persistently to the troops. Once he saw progress, he chose those most skilled in military formations to demonstrate for the rest to imitate. This practice of using the best troops to model techniques and tactics become fundamental in military training, continuing long after the Revolutionary War. For his efforts, Von Steuben is known as the 'Father of the U. S. Infantry.'
The first two paragraphs tell us ______.
A.how Von Steuben became the general of the American infantry
B.how the revolutionary forces came to be commanded by Washington
C.how Washington set about asking von Steuben to train his soldiers
D.how poorly organized the Americans were compared to the British army
11.
It can be inferred from the passage that training programs for the American infantry started at ______.
A.Valley Forge
B.Fort Benning
C.Prussia
D.Washington's hometown
12.
The main problems with the American revolutionary forces seemed to be lack of the following except ______.
A.standardization in training and organization
B.coordination between various units
C.strict discipline and unity
D.shame and challenge
13.
The writer of the passage refers to Washington's troops as all if the following except ______.
A.revolutionary forces
B.the colonial army
C.the U.S. Army infantry
D.the Continental Army
14.
______ proved to be an effective training method.
A.To use the best troops as a model for other units
B.To establish rules and drill cruelly
C.To continue training without stop
D.To show what little progress there may be
15.The fact that people can 'see' things using other parts of their bodies apart from their eyes may help us to understand our feelings about color. If they can sense color differences then perhaps we, too, are affected by color unconsciously.
Manufacturers have discovered by trail and error that sugar sells badly in green wrappings, that blue foods are considered unpleasant, and that cosmetics (化妆品) should never be packaged in brown. These discoveries have grown into a whole discipline of color psychology that now finds application in everything from fashion to interior decoration. Some of our preferences are clearly psychological. Dark blue is the colour of the night sky therefore associated with passivity and calm, while yellow is a day color with associations and incentive (刺激). For primitive man, activity during the day meant hunting and attacking, while he soon saw a red, the color of blood and rage and the heat that came with effort. And green is associated with passive defense and self-preservation. Experiments have shown that colors, partly because of their physiological associations, also have a direct psychological effect. People exposed to bright red show an increase in heart beat, and blood pressure; red is exciting. Similar exposure to pure blue has exactly the opposite effect; it is a calming color. Because of its exciting connotations (涵义) , red was chosen as the signal [or danger, but closer analysis shows that 'a vivid yellow can produce a more basic state of alertness and alarm, so fire engines and ambulances in some advanced communities are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop the traffic dead.
Manufacturers found out that color affects sales ______.
A.by experience over a long period of time
B.by experimenting with different colors
C.by trying out color on blind people
D.by developing the discipline of color psychology
16.
Our preferences for certain colors are ______.
A.associated with the time of the day
B.depended on our character
C.linked with our primitive ancestors
D.partly due to psychological factors
17.
If people are exposed to bright red, which of the following things does not happen?
A.They breathe [aster
B.They feel afraid
C.Their blood pressure rises
D.Their hearts beat faster
18.
Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage?
A.Color probably has an effect on us which we are not conscious of
B.Yellow fire engines have caused many bad accidents in some advanced communities
C.People exposed to pure blue start to breathe more slowly
D.The psychology of color is of some practical use
19.
Which of the following could be the most suitable title?
A.The Discipline of Color Psychology
B.Color and Its Connotations
C.The Practical Use of Color
D.Color and Feelings
三、3.Cloze
Cloze
Directions: Each blank in the following passage is provided with 4 choices. Read the whole passage and choose the best answer for each blank. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
0. Trees are useful to man 【B1】______ three very important ways: they provide him 【B2】______ wood and other produces; they help to check soil erosion and they help to 【B3】______ drought and floods.
【B4】______ , in many parts of the world, man has not realized that the 【B5】______ of these services is the most important. In his eagerness to draw quick profit from the trees, he has cut them down in large 【B6】______ , only to find that 【B7】______ them he has lost the best friend he had.
Two 【B8】______ years ago a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships 【B9】______ to gain itself an empire. It gained the empire, but without its trees, its soil became hard and poor. When the empire 【B10】______ to pieces, the home country found itself faced by floods and starvation.
【B11】______ a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult for it to persuade the villager to see this ,the villager wants wood to cook his food 【B12】______ ; and he can earn money by making charcoal or selling wood to the townsman. He is usually too lazy or too 【B13】______ to plant and look after new trees. So, 【B14】______ the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests slowly disappear.
This does not only mean that the villagers' sons and grandsons have 【B15】______ trees. The results are even more serious; for where there are trees their roots break the soil up allowing the rain to sink in and also bind the soil, thus preventing 【B16】______ washed away on the surface, causing floods and carrying 【B17】______ ground away 【B18】______ it the rich top-soil, in which crops grow so well. When all the top-soil is 【B19】______ , nothing remains 【B20】______ worthless desert.
A.with
B.at
C.in
D.through
1.(62)
A.of
B.for
C.with
D.as
2.(63)
A.prevent
B.stop
C.forbid
D.deny
3.(64)
A.Generally
B.Fortunately
C.Unfortunately
D.Probably
4.(65)
A.trees
B.uses
C.products
D.third
5.(66)
A.numbers
B.members
C.amounts
D.accounts
6.(67)
A.with
B.for
C.without
D.to
7.(68)
A.thousand
B.thousands
C.thousand of.
D.thousands of
8.(69)
A.where
B.which are
C.with which
D.which they are
9.(70)
A.failed
B.fell
C.felt
D.filled
10.(71)
A.Even
B.Even where
C.Even then
D.Even now
11.(72)
A.on
B.below
C.with
D.over
12.(73)
A.clever
B.active
C.until
D.Unless
13.(74)
A.although
B.once
C.until
D.unless
14.(75)
A.a few
B.fewer
C.little
D.less
15.(76)
A.it
B.its
C.it's being
D.its being
16.(77)
A.hard
B.soft
C.deep
D.high
17.(78)
A.for
B.with
C.on
D.behind
18.(79)
A.going
B.gone
C.to go
D.to be going
19.(80)
A.only
B.simply
C.merely
D.but
四、4.Translation
0.Section A (非英语专业学生做)
Directions: In this part, there are 5 items which you should translate into Chinese, each item consisting of one or more sentences. These sentences are all taken from the reading passage in part II. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meaning in the context.
While other levels involve physical satisfaction-the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation of the human body-this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness.
1. In every case, the influential person may not consciously notice the imitation, but he will feel comfortable in its presence.
2. If you blind (眨眼) every time your target blinks, or bite your bottom lip every time he does, your mirroring has become mockery (嘲笑) and you can expect trouble.
3. Washington realized that his soldiers, shivering in rags. Needed better training if there were to be any hope of winning against the well-schooled British army.
4. Experiments have shown that colors, partly because of their physiological associations, also have a direct psychological effect.
5.Section B (英语专业学生做)
Directions: In this section, there is a short passage in Chinese. Read it carefully and put it into English.
历史证明，只有坚持《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则，坚持和平共处五项原则和国际关系准则，各国才能和睦相处，共同发展，世界和平才能得到维护和促进。为了维护中国和世界人民的根本利益，中国始终坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，主持公遭，伸张正义，为政治解决国际问题做出了独特的贡献。做为联合国常任理事国，中国将一如既往，维护安理会的权威，为维护正义，坚持《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则，为维护世界和平与稳定进行不懈努力.
五、5.Writing
0. In this part, you are to write a short composition of about 120 to 150 words (non-English majors) or 150 to 180 words (English majors) based on the idea given below.
On Learning Abroad
1. 有人认为出国留学是个人发展的最佳选择。
2. 也有人坚持在国内也能实现自己的理想。
3. 我的看法。
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